Password Security FAQ
How long should a secure password be?
A secure password should be at least 16 characters long. For critical accounts (banking, email, work), use 20+ characters. The longer the password, the harder it is to crack — a 20-character password with all character types has over 130 bits of entropy, making it virtually impossible to brute-force.
Is it safe to use an online password generator?
Yes — when generation happens entirely on your device. This generator uses the browser's built-in Web Crypto API (crypto.getRandomValues()), which produces cryptographically secure random values. No password is ever transmitted over the internet or stored on any server.
What makes a password strong?
A strong password has high entropy — randomness that makes it hard to guess or brute-force. Key factors: length (16+ characters), character variety (uppercase, lowercase, numbers, symbols), no dictionary words, and no personal information (names, birthdays, phone numbers).
Should I use the same password for multiple accounts?
Never. If one account is compromised, attackers use that password to access all your other accounts — this is called credential stuffing. Each account must have a unique, strong password. Use a trusted password manager to store them securely.
How often should I change my passwords?
Change passwords every 10–12 weeks, or immediately after a suspected breach. Always enable two-factor authentication (2FA) for an extra security layer — even if your password is leaked, attackers won't be able to log in without the second factor.
40+ Password Security Tips
To prevent your passwords from being hacked by social engineering, brute force, or dictionary attacks, and to keep your online accounts safe:
- Do not use the same password, security question, and answer for multiple important accounts.
- Use a password that has at least 16 characters, including at least one number, one uppercase letter, one lowercase letter, and one special symbol.
- Do not use the names of your family members, friends, or pets in your passwords.
- Do not use postcodes, house numbers, phone numbers, birthdates, ID card numbers, social security numbers, and so on in your passwords.
- Do not use any dictionary word in your passwords.
Examples of strong passwords:ePYHc~dS*)8$+V-',qzRtC{6rXN3N\RgL,zbfUMZPE6`FC%)sZ.
Examples of weak passwords:qwert12345,1234567890,nortonpassword. - Do not use two or more similar passwords where most characters are the same — for example,
ilovefreshflowersMacandilovefreshflowersDropBox. If one is stolen, all are compromised. - Do not use something that cannot be changed as your password, such as your fingerprints.
- Do not let web browsers (Firefox, Chrome, Safari, Edge) store your passwords, since passwords saved in browsers can be revealed easily.
- Do not log in to important accounts on other people's computers, or when connected to a public Wi-Fi hotspot, Tor, free VPN, or web proxy.
- Do not send sensitive information over unencrypted connections (HTTP or FTP). Use HTTPS, SFTP, FTPS, SMTPS, and IPSec whenever possible.
- When travelling, encrypt your internet connections before they leave your device. Set up a private VPN with WireGuard, IKEv2, or OpenVPN on your own server.
- How secure is your password? If a hacker has stolen your password's MD5 hash from a server, and their rainbow table contains it, your password can be cracked instantly. Check with the MD5 Hash Generator.
- It's recommended to change your passwords every 10 weeks.
- Encrypt and store other passwords in a plain text file using 7-Zip, GPG, or disk encryption software such as BitLocker. Alternatively, use a trusted password manager.
- Encrypt and back up your passwords to multiple locations. If you lose access to your computer or account, you can retrieve them quickly.
- Turn on 2-step verification (2FA) wherever possible — authenticator apps are more secure than SMS codes.
- Do not store your critical passwords in the cloud without strong encryption.
- Access important sites (e.g. PayPal) from bookmarks directly. Always verify the domain name carefully to avoid phishing sites.
- Protect your computer with a firewall and antivirus software. Download software only from reputable sites and verify checksums (MD5/SHA256) or GPG signatures.
- Keep operating systems and web browsers up-to-date with the latest security patches.
- If important files are on a computer others can access, check for hardware keyloggers, software keyloggers, and hidden cameras when necessary.
- Wi-Fi signals can reveal what you type by detecting hand gestures. Use an on-screen keyboard for entering passwords in sensitive environments.
- Lock your computer and mobile phone whenever you step away.
- Encrypt your entire hard drive with VeraCrypt, FileVault, LUKS, or similar tools before storing important files.
- Access important websites in private/incognito mode, or dedicate one browser to important sites and another for general browsing.
- Use at least 3 different email addresses: one for important sites (banking, PayPal), one for unimportant sites, and one at a different provider to receive password-reset emails in case the first is compromised.
- Use at least 2 different phone numbers. Do not share the number you use to receive SMS verification codes.
- Do not click links in emails or SMS messages to reset passwords, unless you are certain those messages are legitimate.
- Do not share your passwords with anyone by email, text, or messaging apps.
- Be careful of supply-chain attacks: only install software from official, verified sources. Prefer web-based apps where possible.
- Be careful with online paste tools and screen capture tools — do not let them upload your passwords to the cloud.
- If you are a webmaster, never store users' passwords, security questions, or answers in plain text. Store salted hash values (SHA-256 or SHA-512) with a unique random salt per user. Also log device information and ask for re-verification when device info changes.
- If you are a software developer, sign update packages with a private key using GnuPG and publish the public key so users can verify authenticity.
- To keep your online business safe, register your own domain name and host your email on it — your email account can never be disabled by a third-party provider.
- If an online store only accepts credit cards, use a virtual credit card instead to limit exposure.
- Close your web browser when you leave your computer — open browser sessions can have cookies hijacked via USB devices, bypassing two-step verification.
- Distrust and remove bad SSL certificates from your browser. Bad certificates break the confidentiality of HTTPS connections.
- Encrypt the entire system partition, or disable the pagefile and hibernation functions — important data may be recoverable from
pagefile.sysandhiberfil.sys. - To prevent brute-force login attacks on servers, install intrusion detection software such as Fail2Ban or LFD (Login Failure Daemon).
- Where possible, prefer cloud-based software over locally installed apps to reduce exposure to supply-chain attacks.
- Periodically generate MD5 or SHA-1 checksums of all files on your computer and compare against a previously saved baseline to detect tampering or malware.
- Large organizations should implement AI-based intrusion detection systems including network behavior anomaly detection.
- Allow only whitelisted IP addresses to connect to or log in to critical servers and computers.